Diagnostic index: An open-source tool to classify TMJ OA condyles

Osteoarthritis (OA) of temporomandibular joints (TMJ) occurs in about 40% of the patients who present TMJ disorders. Despite its prevalence, OA diagnosis and treatment remain controversial since there are no clear symptoms of the disease, especially in early stages. Quantitative tools based on 3D imaging of the TMJ condyle have the potential to help characterize TMJ OA changes. The goals of the tools proposed in this study are to ultimately develop robust imaging markers for diagnosis and assessment of treatment efficacy. This work proposes to identify differences among asymptomatic controls and different clinical phenotypes of TMJ OA by means of Statistical Shape Modeling (SSM), obtained via clinical expert consensus. From three different grouping schemes (with 3, 5 and 7 groups), our best results reveal that that the majority (74.5%) of the classifications occur in agreement with the groups assigned by consensus between our clinical experts. Our findings suggest the existence of different disease-based phenotypic morphologies in TMJ OA. Our preliminary findings with statistical shape modeling based biomarkers may provide a quantitative staging of the disease. The methodology used in this study is included in an open source image analysis toolbox, to ensure reproducibility and appropriate distribution and dissemination of the solution proposed

Osteoarthritis of the Temporomandibular Joint can be diagnosed earlier using biomarkers and machine learning

After chronic low back pain, Temporomandibular Joint (TMJ) disorders are the second most common musculoskeletal condition affecting 5 to 12% of the population, with an annual health cost estimated at $4 billion. Chronic disability in TMJ osteoarthritis (OA) increases with aging, and the main goal is to diagnosis before morphological degeneration occurs. Here, we address this challenge using advanced data science to capture, process and analyze 52 clinical, biological and high-resolution CBCT (radiomics) markers from TMJ OA patients and controls. We tested the diagnostic performance of four machine learning models: Logistic Regression, Random Forest, LightGBM, XGBoost. Headaches, Range of mouth opening without pain, Energy, Haralick Correlation, Entropy and interactions of TGF-β1 in Saliva and Headaches, VE-cadherin in Serum and Angiogenin in Saliva, VE-cadherin in Saliva and Headaches, PA1 in Saliva and Headaches, PA1 in Saliva and Range of mouth opening without pain; Gender and Muscle Soreness; Short Run Low Grey Level Emphasis and Headaches, Inverse Difference Moment and Trabecular Separation accurately diagnose early stages of this clinical condition. Our results show the XGBoost + LightGBM model with these features and interactions achieves the accuracy of 0.823, AUC 0.870, and F1-score 0.823 to diagnose the TMJ OA status. Thus, we expect to boost future studies into osteoarthritis patient-specific therapeutic interventions, and thereby improve the health of articular joints

Evaluation Of The Shear Bond Strength Of The Right-on Composite Under Different Enamel Conditions [avaliação Da Resistência Ao Cisalhamento Do Compósito Right-on Em Diferentes Condições De Esmalte]

Objective: To evaluate the shear bond strength of metallic brackets bonded with Right-On composite under different enamel conditions. Materials and methods: Forty-five bovine permanent lower incisors were used, and were divided into three groups (n = 15). For group 1 (control), the bonding procedures were performed by using Transbond XT according to the manufacturer's recommendations, that is 37% phosphoric acid etching, washing, drying, application of primer XT and, finally, the bonding procedure itself. For the other two groups, the brackets were bonded by using the Right-On composite. The bonding procedures for group 2 were performed according to the manufacturer's recommendations, that is 37% phosphoric acid etching, application of the composite activation liquid, both on the etched surface and the bracket's base, and insertion of the composite on the bracket's base and bracket positioning. In group 3, the dental surface was etched by using Transbond Plus Self-Etching Primer, and the composite activator liquid was applied on the bracket's base only. Following the bonding procedures, the shear bond strength test was performed by using an Instron machine at the speed of 0.5mm/min. for mechanical tests. Results and conclusion: Results showed no statistical differences between groups 1 and 2 (p > 0.05). However, both groups were statistically superior to group 3 (p < 0.05). A greater number of fractures on the bracket/composite interface was evidenced by the ARI results.1336065ARTUN, J., BERGLAND, S., Clinical trials with crystal growth conditioning as an alternative to acid-etch enamel pretreatment (1984) Am. J. Orthod, 85 (4), pp. 333-340. , St. Louis, v, AprBISHARA, S.E., Evaluation of a new light-cured orthodontic bonding adhesive (1998) Am. J. Orthod. Dentofacial Orthop, 114 (1), pp. 80-87. , St. Louis, v, JulyBISHARA, S.E., Effect of an acidic primer on shear bond strength of orthodontic brackets (1998) Am. J. Orthod. Dentofacial Orthop, 114 (3), pp. 243-247. , St. Louis, v, SeptBISHARA, S.E., Effect of time on the shear bond strength of glass ionomer and composite orthodontic adhesives (1999) Am. J. Orthod. Dentofacial Orthop, 116 (6), pp. 616-620. , St. Louis, v, DecBOYD, R.L., Periodontal considerations in the use of bans or donds on molars in adolescents and adults (1982) Angle Orthod, 62 (3), pp. 117-120. , Appleton, v, MayBUONOCORE, M.G.A., Alexandria (1955), 34 (6), pp. 849-853. , A simple method of increase the adhesion of acrylic filling materials to enamel surfaces. J. Dent. Res, DecBUONOCORE, M.G., Retrospections on bonding (1981) Dent. Clin. North Am, 25 (2), pp. 242-255. , Philadelphia, v, AprDELPORT, A., GROEBLER, S.R., A laboratory evaluation of the tensile bond of strength of some orthodontic bonding resins to enamel (1988) Am. J. Orthod. Dentofacial Orthop, 93 (2), pp. 133-137. , St. Louis, v, FebGORELIK, L., Bonding metal brackets with a self-polymerizing sealant composite: A 12 month assessment (1977) Am. J. Orthod, 75 (5), pp. 542-553. , St. Louis, v, MayHOBSON, R.S., LEDVINKA, J., MEECHAN, J.G., The effect of moisture and blood contamination on bond strength of a new orthodontic bonding material (2001) Am. J. Orthod. Dentofacial Orthop, 120 (1), pp. 54-57. , St. Louis, v, JulyIANNI FILHO, D. et al. Avaliação in vitro da força de adesão de materiais de colagem em Ortodontia: ensaios mecânicos de cisalhamento. Rev. Dental Press Ortodon. Ortop. Facial, Maringá, v. 9, n. 1, p. 39-48, jan./fev. 2004LITTLEWOOD, S.J., Investigation of a hydrophilic primer for orthodontic bonding: An in vitro study (2000) J. Orthod, 27 (2), pp. 181-186. , London, v, May/AugNORDENVALL, K.J., BRANSTRON, M., MALMGREN, T., The effect of various pretreatment methods of the enamel in bonding procedures (1978) Am. J. Orthod, 74 (4), pp. 522-530. , St. Louis, v, AprPASCOTO, R.C., (1999) Avaliação das propriedades anticariogênicas do cimento de ionômero de vidro utilizado na fixação de bráquetes ortodônticos: Estudo in vitro. 1999, , Tese Doutorado, Faculdade de Odontologia de Bauru, Universidade de São Paulo, BauruROMANO, F. L.RUELLAS, A. C. O. Estudo comparativo in vitro da resistência ao cisalhamento da colagem e do índice de remanescente resinoso entre os compósitos concise e superbond. Rev. Dental Press Ortodon. Ortop. Facial, Maringá, v. 8, n. 1, p. 69-75, jan./fev. 2003SADLER, J.F., A survey of some commercial adhesives: Their possible application in clinical Orthodontics (1958) Am. J. Orthod, 44 (1), pp. 65-69. , St. Louis, v, JanSCHANEVELDT, S., FOLEY, T.F., Bond strength comparison of moisture-insensitive primers (2002) Am. J. Orthod. Dentofacial Orthop, 122 (3), pp. 267-273. , St. Louis, v, SeptSUNNA, S., ROCK, An, W.P., ex vivo investigation into the bond strength of orthodontic brackets and adhesive systems (1999) Br. J. Orthod, 26 (4), pp. 47-50. , Oxford, vWILLEMS, G., CARELS, C.E.L., VERBEKET, G., In vitro peel/shear bond strength of orthodontic adhesives (1997) J. Dent, 25 (3-4), pp. 263-270. , Bristol, vZACHRISSON, B. U. Bonding in Orthodontic. In: GRABER, T. M.WAIN, B. F. Orthodontic current principle and technique. St. Louis: C. V. Mosby, 1985. p. 485-56

Metallic Brackets Bonded With Resin-reinforced Glass Ionomer Cements Under Different Enamel Conditions

Objective: To assess the shear bond strength of metallic orthodontic brackets bonded with either Fuji Ortho or Ortho Glass LC resin-reinforced glass ionomer cements to enamel surfaces under different conditions, namely, enamel without etching, enamel conditioned with 37% phosphoric acid and enamel conditioned with Transbond Plus Self Etching Primer (TPSEP). Materials and Methods: One hundred and five bovine inferior incisors were divided into seven groups (n = 15). In group 1 (control) Transbond XT was used according to the manufacturer's recommendations. In groups 2, 3, and 4 all using Fuji Ortho LC, the brackets were bonded, respectively, to enamel nonetched, enamel etched with 37% phosphoric acid, and enamel etched with TPSEP. In groups 5, 6, and 7, the bonding was performed using Ortho Glass LC under the same enamel conditions observed in the other experimental groups. After 24 hours, shear bond strength tests were performed for all samples at a crosshead speed of 0.5 mm/min. Results: The results (MPa) showed no statistically significant difference between groups 1, 3, and 4 (P > .05). However, such groups were statistically superior to the others (P .05). Group 5 showed the lowest shear strength value, which was also statistically inferior to the other groups (P < .05). Conclusions: Regardless of the enamel treatment, Fuji Ortho LC yielded shear strength values superior to those from Ortho Glass LC. © 2006 by The EH Angle Education and Research Foundation, Inc.764700704Wilson, A.D., Kent, B.E., The glass ionomer cement: A new translucent filling material (1971) J Appl Chem Biotechnol, 21, p. 313Silverman, E., Cohen, M., Denke, R.S., Silverman, M., A new light-cured glass ionomer cement that bonds brackets to teeth without etching in the presence of saliva (1995) Am J Orthod Dentofacial Orthop, 108, pp. 231-236Freitas, P.C., Glass ionomer cement as an alternative in orthodontic bonding (1998) Ortodontia, 32, pp. 42-47Pascotto, R.C., Orthodontic bonding agents. Part I - Glass ionomer cements (2001) R Dental Press Ortodon Ortop Facial, 6, pp. 109-116McCarthy, M.F., Hondrum, S.O., Mechanical and bond strength properties of light-cured and chemically cured glass ionomer cements (1994) Am J Orthod Dentofacial Orthop, 105, pp. 135-141Cook, P.A., Direct bonding with glass ionomer cement (1990) J Clin Orthod, 24, pp. 509-511Miguel, J.A.M., Almeida, M.A., Chevitarese, O., Clinical comparison between a glass ionomer cement and a composite for direct bonding of orthodontic brackets (1995) Am J Orthod Dentofacial Orthop, 107, pp. 484-487Lippitz, S., Staley, R.N., Jakobsen, J.R., In vitro study of 24 hour and 30 day shear bond strengths of three resin-glass ionomer cements used to bond orthodontics brackets (1998) Am J Orthod Dentofacial Orthop, 113, pp. 620-624Orthendhal, T., Thilander, B., Use of glass-ionomer for bracket bonding - An ex vivo study evaluating a testing device for in vivo purposes (1998) Eur J Orthod, 20, pp. 201-208Myaki, S.I., Fava, M., Hayashi, P.M., Ursi, W.J.S., Adhesion of orthodontic buttons to primary teeth enamel using resin composite or resin-modified glass ionomer cement (1998) J Bras Ortodon Ortop Facial, 3, pp. 19-25Silva Filho, O.G., Oliveira, C.B.A., Fontes, M.V., Ozawa, T.O., Clinical evaluation of a light-cured glass ionomer cement (Vitrebond) for direct bonding of orthodontic brackets in 4 x 2 leveling (1999) R Dental Press Ortodon Ortop Facial, 4, pp. 31-44Bishara, S.E., VonWald, L.B.A., Olsen, M.E., Laffoon, J.F., Effect of time on the shear bond strength of glass ionomer and composite orthodontic adhesives (1999) Am J Orthod Dentofacial Orthop, 116, pp. 616-620Souza, C.S., Francisconi, P.A.S., Araújo, P.A., Bond strength of five cements for orthodontics use (1999) Rev FOB, 7, pp. 15-21Cacciafesta, V., Jost-Brinkman, P.G., Sußenger, U., Miethke, R.R., Effects of saliva and water contamination on the enamel shear bond strength of a light-cured glass ionomer cement (1998) Am J Orthod Dentofacial Orthop, 113, pp. 402-407Romano, F.L., Ruellas, A.C.O., Comparative study of materials used for cementation of orthodontic bands (2002) J Bras Ortodon Ortop Facial, 6, pp. 494-499Jobalia, S.B., Valente, R.M., Rijk, W.G., BeGole, E.A., Evans, C.A., Bond strength of visible light-cured glass ionomer orthodontic cement (1997) Am J Orthod Dentofacial Orthop, 112, pp. 205-208Bishara, S.E., Olsen, M.E., Damon, P., Jakobsen, J.R., Evaluation of a new light-cured orthodontic bonding adhesive (1998) Am J Orthod Dentofacial Orthop, 114, pp. 80-87Araújo, M.T.S., Campista, C., Chevitarese, O., Guimarães, J.P., Ruela, A.C.O., Contaminação de saliva humana na colagem de cimento de ionômero de vidro e compósito em esmalte bovino: Resistência ao cisalhamento (1998) R Bras Odont, 55, pp. 45-47Itoh, T., Matsuo, N., Fukushima, T., Effect of contamination and etching on enamel bond strength of new light-cured glass ionomer cements (1999) Angle Orthod, 69, pp. 450-456Chung, C., Cuozzo, P.T., Mante, F.K., Shear bond strength of a resin-reinforced glass ionomer cement. An in vitro comparative study (1999) Am J Orthod Dentofacial Orthop, 115, pp. 52-54Valente, R.M., Rijk, W.G., Drummond, J.L., Evans, C.A., Etching conditions for resin-modified glass ionomer cement for orthodontic brackets (2002) Am J Orthod Dentofacial Orthop, 121, pp. 516-520Campista, C., Chevitarese, O., Bolognese, A.M., Lage, S.A., Bonding of metallic brackets in buccal cervical region of inferior premolars with Fuji Ortho LC (1997) J Bras Ortodon Ortop Facial, 2, pp. 17-20Meehan, M.P., Foley, T.F., Mamandras, A.H., A comparison of the shear bond strengths of two glass ionomer cements (1999) Am J Orthod Dentofacial Orthop, 115, pp. 125-132Cacciafesta, V., Sfondrini, M.F., Baluga, L., Scribante, A., Klersy, C., Use of a self-etching primer in combination with a resin-modified glass ionomer: Effect of water and saliva contamination on shear bond strength (2003) Am J Orthod Dentofacial Orthop, 124, pp. 420-426Årtun, J., Bergland, S., Clinical trials with crystal growth conditioning as an alternative to acid-etch enamel pretreatment (1984) Am J Orthod, 85, pp. 333-34